Journals →  Tsvetnye Metally →  2016 →  #6 →  Back

RARE METALS, SEMICONDUCTORS
ArticleName Dependence of spectral transmittance of thallium halide crystals on growing atmosphere. Part 1
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2016.06.10
ArticleAuthor Lisitskiy I. S., Polyakova G. V., Golovanov V. F., Kuznetsov M. S.
ArticleAuthorData

State Scientific-Research and Project Institute of Rare-Metal Industry “Giredmet”, Moscow, Russia:

I. S. Lisitskiy, Senior Researcher
G. V. Polyakova, Senior Researcher, e-mail: gradan@mail.ru
V. F. Golovanov, Senior Researcher
M. S. Kuznetsov, Head of Laboratory of High-Pure Halide Materials for Optics

Abstract

There was investigated the dependence of spectral transmittance of crystals of thallium halides KRS-5 (КРС-5) (TlBr – TlI) and KRS-6 (КРС-6) (TlCl – TlBr) on growing atmosphere. The aim of the experiments is the choice of the conditions, allowing to reduce the thallium halide decomposition to minimum on the final stage of optical materials obtaining for infrared technique devices. Decomposition products are impurities, activating the thallium halide dissociation process. They are removed and recovered again during the each process of salt purification and crystal growing. Such impurities in KRS-5 melt appear during the interaction of thallium iodide with oxygen, where Tl2O and Tl2O3 are formed together with iodine molecules. At the same time, these impurities appear in KRS-6 melt during the dissociation of thallium chloride molecules with thallium formation and chlorine release into the atmosphere. The formed impurities are introduced into the growing crystals, reduce their transparency, and cause the halide decomposition process. The atmosphere, including the crystallization process, can make an influence on decomposition during the growing process. Experiments on the crystals KRS-5 and KRS-6 growing (with 30 mm diameter and 120 mm length) were carried out in different atmospheres: air, vacuum and argon. The carried out research made a conclusion that the crystals KRS-5 must be grown in vacuum, while the crystals KRS-6 must be grown in air.
This work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation. Federal Target Program “Investigations and developments on the priority ways of development of the scientific-technical complex of Russia for 2014-2020” within the project “Development of the technology of obtaining the new optical materials for tools and apparatuses of laser and/or infrared technics”. Agreement No. 14.576.21.0054. Unique identifier of applied scientific investigations (project) RFMEFI57614X0054.

keywords Thallium halides, KRS-5, KRS-6, thallium chloride, thallium bromide, thallium iodide, crystal growth, growing atmosphere, spectral transmittance
References

1. Denisov S. P. Detektory сherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Cherenkov radiation detectors). Priroda = Nature. 2004. No. 7. pp. 22–30.
2. Rogalin V. E. Opticheskaya stoykost prozrachnykh materialov dlya moshchnykh SO2-lazerov : dissertatsiya … kandidata fiziko-matematicheskikh nauk (Optical resistance of transparent materials for powerful CO2-lasers : Dissertation … of Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences). Moscow : A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, 2010. 155 p.
3. Danilov V. V. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie parametry monokristallov dlya svetozvukoprovodov akustoopticheskikh ustroystv (Physical and technical parameters of monocrystals for light and sound conductors of acoustic optics tools). Tekhnologiya i konstruirovanie v elektronnoy apparature = Technology and design in electronic equipment. 2002. No. 4/5. pp. 62–64.
4. Zaletin V. M., Barkov I. P., Gazizov I. M. et al. Ispolzovanie kristallov TlBr dlya detektorov rentgenovskogo x- i γ-izlucheniya (Using TlBr crystals for x- and γ-radiation detectors). Atomnaya energiya = Atomic energy. 2009. Vol. 106, No. 4. pp. 214–217.
5. Hitomi K., Murori O., Hurabuki R. et al. Recent progress in thallium bromide detectors for x- and γ-ray spectroscopy. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 2001. Vol. 458. pp. 365–369.
6. Onodera T., Hitomi K., Muroi O. et al. Characterization of Thallium Bromide Radiation Detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. 2006. Vol. 568. pp. 129–133.
7. Kažukauskas V., Jurgilaitis A., Vaitkus J. V., Gostilo V., Shorohov M. Photoelectrical phenomena and current kinetics in TlBr. Materials Science (Medziagotyra). 2008. Vol. 14, No. 2. pp. 97–100.
8. Gazizov I. M., Zaletin V. M., Kukushkin V. M., Khrunov V. S. Current Response of a TlBr Detector to Cs-137 gamma-Ray Radiation. Semiconductors. 2011. Vol. 45, No. 5. pp. 636–640.
9. Shulgin B. V., Kruzhalov A. V., Petrov V. L. Detector materials and devices for radiation monitoring. News of higher education institutions. Physics. 2012. Vol. 51. pp. 205–208.
10. Kuznetsov M. S., Zaramenskikh K. S., Lisitskiy I. S. Vliyanie atmosfery vyrashchivaniya na kharakteristiki kristallov TlBr. Chast 1. Spektralnoe propuskanie i svetorasseyanie (Influence of growing atmosphere on the characteristics of TlBr crystals. Part 1. Spectral passing and light scatter). Tsvetnye Metally = Non-ferrous metals. 2011. No. 4. pp. 81–84.
11. Zhukova L., Korsakov A., Chazov A. et al. Photonic crystalline IR fibers for spectral range of 2–40 M. Applied Optics. 2012. Vol. 51, No. 13. pp. 2414–2418.
12. Darvoyd T. I., Bochkarev E. P., Lebedev V. N. et al. Korrelyatsiya obemnoy luchevoy prochnosti monokristallov KRS-6 s drugimi opticheskimi kharakteristikami (Correlation of bulk optical strength of monocrystals KRS-6 with other optical characteristics). Optiko-mekhanicheskaya promyshlennost = Soviet Journal of Optical Technology. 1981. No. 1. pp. 26–28.
13. Smirnov N. V., Govorkov A. V., Kuznetsov M. S., Zaramenskikh K. S., Lisitskiy I. S. Vliyanie atmosfery vyrashchivaniya na kharakteristiki kristallov TlBr. Chast 2. Elektrofizicheskie kharakteristiki i mikrokatodolyuminеstsentsiya (Influence of growing atmosphere on the characteristics of TlBr crystals. Part 2. Electrophysical characteristics and micro-cathode luminescence). Tsvetnye Metally = Non-ferrous metals. 2011. No. 6. pp. 51–55.
14. Lisitskiy I. S., Polyakova G. V., Golovanov V. F., Kuznetsov M. S. Vliyanie rezhimov vyrashchivaniya kristallov TlCl – TlBr i TlBr – TlI na strukturnoe sovershenstvo kristallov (Influence of TlCl – TlBr and TlBr – TlI crystal growing modes on structural perfection of crystals). Tsvetnye Metally = Non-ferrous metals. 2015. No. 12. pp. 64–70. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2015.12.12
15. Korsakov A. S., Zhukova L. V., Korsakov V. S. et al. Termodinamicheskie funktsii protsessov rastvoreniya galogenidov odnovalentnogo talliya i serebra v vode i galogenvodorodnykh kislotakh (Thermodynamic functions of the processes of dissolution of one-valent thallium and silver halides in water and halogen-hydrogen acids). Butlerovskie soobshcheniya = Butlerov Communications. 2014. Vol. 37, No. 3. pp. 27–36.
16. Korsakov A. S., Zhukova L. V., Korsakov V. S. et al. Izuchenie protsessa kristallizatsii galogenidov odnovalentnogo talliya i tverdykh rastvorov KRS-6 i KRS-5 v vode i nevodnykh rastvoritelyakh (Investigation of crystallization of one-valent thallium halide and solid solutions KRS-6 and KRS-5 in water and nonaqueous solvents). 2014. Vol. 38, No. 5. pp. 48–55.
17. Zhukova L. V., Korsakova E. A., Zhukov V. V., Korsakov V. S. Termodinamicheskoe issledovanie kristallov sistemy AgBr – TlI i poluchenie IK svetovodov nanokristallicheskoy struktury na ikh osnove (Thermodynamic research of the crystals of AgBr – TlI system and obtaining of infra-red light conductors with noncrystalline structure, based on these crystals). Tsvetnye Metally = Non-ferrous metals. 2013. No. 4. pp. 62–66.
18. Fedorov P. I., Mokhosoev M. V., Alekseev F. P. Khimiya galliya, indiya, talliya (Chemistry of gallium, indium and thallium). Novosibirsk : Nauka, 1977. 222 p.

Language of full-text russian
Full content Buy
Back