Journals →  Gornyi Zhurnal →  2016 →  #6 →  Back

DEVELOPMENT OF DEPOSITS
ArticleName Experience acquired in underground leaching of nodular phosphorites
DOI 10.17580/gzh.2016.06.06
ArticleAuthor Arens V. Zh., +Gridin O. M. , Derbunovich N. N., Khcheyan G. Kh.
ArticleAuthorData

Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia:

V. Zh. Arens, Vice-President, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
+O. M. Gridin, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
G. Kh. Khcheyan, Academic Secretary, Mining and Metallurgy Section, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, mogmsraen@mail.ru


State Institute of Mine-Chemical Raw Materials, Lyubertsy, Russia:

N. N. Derbunovich, Head of Laboratory, Doctor of Engineering Sciences

Abstract

Cropping needs fertilizers based on phosphorus compounds to enrich soil. The demand for the fertilizers continuously grows. This article describes phosphate reserves entered in the State Balance of the Russian Federation. It follows from the State Balance than much phosphorus reserves occur as nodular phosphorites. The major part (92 %) falls at low-grade nodular ore of the Vyatka-Kama and Egorievsky deposits yet non-exploited to produce standard soluble fertilizers. The objective set is to create a technology to extract phosphates from the mentioned ore chemical conversion of the products into soluble fertilizers later on. The basis was assumed as the mining-popular method of underground leaching and the research object was the Vyatka-Kama deposit ore with the high content of Р2О5 in nodules (up to 26 %) and possessing high solubility in diluted acid solutions. Nitric acid was selected as the leaching agent. Leaching of phosphorites was complicated by the presence of acid-soluble admixtures—calcium and magnesium carbonates, iron and aluminium oxides and other compounds. The experiments showed that the higher Р2О5 recovery was reached with 5–10 % nitric acid. The commercial trial was executed in the test field of the Vyatka-Kama deposit. The productive stratum was represented by a coarse-nodular layer 0.4–0.45 m thick. The drilling pattern 1010 m consisted of 16 holes. The process flow chart included total circulation of solutions and maximum utilization of leaching products. All in all, at the solution consumption of 900 m3, 5 t of fertilizers were produced with the higher content of ferric phosphate. The studies have proved the efficiency of the underground leaching method for low-grade phosphorites.

keywords Mineral fertilizers, phosphate raw material, deposit, nodular phosphorites, underground leaching, pregnant solution.
References

1. Anpilogov A. Mir na pike — mir v pike (The world at its height and falling down). Moscow : Selado, 2015. 396 p.
2. Babkin V. V., Uspenskiy D. D. Novaya strategiya. Khimiya 2030. Vysokie peredely syrya. Klasterizatsiya. Khimizatsiya industrii Rossiyskoy Federatsii (New strategy. Chemistry 2030. High redistribution of raw materials. Clusterization. Chemization of Russian Federation industry). Moscow : Lika, 2015. 222 p.
3. Gosudarstvennyy balans zapasov poleznykh iskopaemykh Rossiyskoy Federatsii na 01.01.2011 goda (State balance of mineral reserves of Russian Federation as of January 01, 2001). Vypusk 43. Fosforitovye rudy (Issue 43. Phosphorite ores). Moscow : Ministry of Natural Resources and environment of the Russian Federation, 2011. 79 p. (in Russian)
4. Bliskovskiy V. Z. Veshchestvennyy sostav i obogatimost fosfatnykh rud (Substantial composition and concentratibility of phosphate ores). Moscow : Nedra, 1983. 200 p.
5. Arens V. Zh., Gridin O. M., Kreynin E. V., Nebera V. P., Fazlullin M. I., Khrulev A. S., Khcheyan G. Kh. Fiziko-khimicheskaya geotekhnologiya (Physical and chemical geotechnology). Moscow : Gornaya kniga, 2010. 574 p.
6. Podzemnoe i kuchnoe vyshchelachivanie urana, zolota i drugikh metallov (Underground and heap leaching of uranium, gold and other metals). Under the editorship of M. I. Fazlullin. Moscow : «Ore and Metals» Publishing House, 2005. Vol. 1, 2.
7. Randolf E., Miller Sh., Miller G. Minimizing acid consumption in mixed oxide/supergene and sulfide heap leach. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Heap Leach Solution. Lima, 2015.
8. Khalezov B. D. Kuchnoe vyshchelachivanie mednykh i medno-tsinkovykh rud (Heap leaching of copper and copper-zinc ores). Ekaterinburg : Editorial-publishing department of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2013. 332 p.
9. Bentel D., Nikirk E., Balasko C., Hurban G. Monitoring of leakage collection and recovery systems: convention versus reality. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Heap Leach Solution. Lima, 2015.
10. Mwase J. M., Petersen J., Eksteen, J. J. A novel sequential heap leach process for treating crushed Platreef ore. Mining Engineering & Metallurgical Engineering. Hydrometallurgy. 2014. 141. pp. 97–104.
11. Mwase J. M., Petersen J., Eksteen, J. J. A conceptual flowsheet for heap leaching of platinum group metals (PGMs) from a low-grade ore concentrate. Mining Engineering & Metallurgical Engineering, Hydrometallurgy. 2012. Vol. 111–112. pp. 129–135.
12. Mandziak T., van Zyl D. Risk elements associated with the design, construction, operation and closure of heap leach facilities. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Heap Leach Solution. Lima, 2015.
13. Nabiev M. I. Azotnokislotnaya pererabotka fosfatov (Nitric-acid processing of phosphates). Tashkent : FAN, 1976. Vol. 1. 129 p.
14. Smirnov Yu. M., Brazhnik I. S., Kholomyanskpy I. Ya., Terskiy G. A. O poluchenii fosfatnogo syrya dlya proizvodstva slozhnykh udobreniy iz zhelezistykh fosforitov Egorevskogo i Vyatsko-Kamskogo mestorozhdeniy (Phosphate raw material obtaining for production of complex fertilizers from ferrous phosphorites of Yegoryevsk and Vyatka-Kama deposits). Khimicheskaya promyshlennost segodnya = Chemical Industry today. 2011. No. 1. pp. 18–26.

Language of full-text russian
Full content Buy
Back