Ore and Metals: Chernye Metally (Ferrous Metals)

Chernye Metally (Ferrous Metals)

“Chernye Metally” is the only Russian monthly translated metallurgical journal (German original – “Stahl und Eisen”). This journal publishes materials about whole spectrum of the problems, innovations and news of foreign iron and steel industry.
Published since 1961, volume up to 96 pages, circulation up to 1,000 copies. ISSN 0132-0890.

"Chernye Metally" ("Ferrous Metals") journal is one of the most respectable Russian monthly periodicals in the field of iron and steel industry. It was at first complete translation of "Stahl und Eisen", the famous European metallurgical edition, into Russian. However, since 1998, after incorporating into "Ore and Metals" Publishing House, "Chernye Metally" journal has started to publish on regular base also scientific and technical papers prepared by Russian metallurgists. Therefore, this journal is the only Russian regular international metallurgical scientific and technical edition.

The features of "Chernye Metally" journal are based on publishing materials about up-to-date scientific innovations both national and foreign metallurgists; it allows to compare them demonstrably and to get full information about current state and development tendencies of iron and steel industry in Russia and abroad ("Urbi et Orbi"). Such editorial practice is rather popular among the readership.

"Chernye Metally" journal publishes both separate articles about innovations in the field of iron and steel industry and experience of their putting into practice at metallurgical works, and also complex collections of materials on plants and technological directions. The topics of publications covers whole area of metallurgical production from iron- and steel making, casting and rolling to finishing, heat treatment and coating of metal products. Serious attention is paid in the journal to up-to-date technological processes (such as metal shape memory, superductility, manufacture of large diameter tubes, micro-mills etc), as well as actual problems of environment protection, resource saving and training of specialists.

"Chernye Metally" journal publishes on regular base information and advertising materials of many national and foreign exhibitions and conferences, where this edition is an information sponsor or partner.

Editorial council of "Chernye Metally" journal includes 20 well-known and respectable metallurgists, i.e. 3 foreign specialists from Germany and Canada.

"Chernye Metally" has annual English supplement "CIS Iron & Steel Review"

Topic themes
Editorial board

The samples of electronic versions can be found here

Editorial board:
Actual address: Office 617, Leninsky prospect 6, bld. 1
(Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, bld. A), Moscow, 119049 Russia
Mailing address: P.O. Box No. 71, Moscow, 119049, Russia
Phone / Fax: +7-495-955-00-09
E--mail: chermet@rudmet.ru
Internet: www.rudmet.ru

Subscribing conditions
Advertising conditions
Requirements for advertising materials
Technical Requirements for sending articles

Based on resolution of the Supreme Attestation Committee (VAK) pf the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the journal is included in the “List of periodical and scientific-technical editions published in the Russian Federation, where publication of the main results of Doctor’s theses are recommended” for the theme of metallurgy.

2010 г.

Title	Steel industry of the world
What are the metallurgists discussing?
Title	Conferences and fairs
Development of metallurgy in Russia and other CIS countries
Title	Managing the primary structure of chromium iron
Authors	E. Rozhkova, A. Orekhova, V. Belov, T. Bazlova
Authors' data	E. Rozhkova, A. Orekhova, V. Belov, T. Bazlova, National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», Moscow, Russia; chermet@rudmet.ru
Abstract	The method of ladle treatment of of the melts of chromium iron (containing 2–4 % Cr and 3.5 % C) has been developed on the base of conducted investigations; it allows to vary primary structure of iron without variation of chromium and carbon content. Using the developed method, special carbides М₇С₃ have been obtained in iron with low chromium content (less than 4 %), what was practically impossible with conventional technology. Additionally, such low chromium iron can acquire properties typical for high chromium iron: e. g. containing 15–18 % Cr, what allows to rise substantially economical parameters.
Key words	chromium iron, heutectics, ledeburite, chromium carbides, phase X-ray structural analysis, melts.
Bibliographical list	1. Rozhkova E. V., Kirillov A. A. at al. Strukturno- i nestrukturno-chuvstvitel'nye svoystva khromistykh chugunov // Chernye metally. 2007. № 9. P. 7-13. 2. Bunin K. P., Malinochka Ya. N., Taran Yu. N. Osnovy metallografii chuguna. M. : Metallurgiya, 1969. 3. Gudermon E. Spetsial'nye stali. / translated from German. M. : Metallurgizdat, 1959.
Title	Varying of iron heredity using fullerene-base modifier
Authors	S. Matveev, A. Orekhova, E. Chereshneva
Authors' data	S. Matveev, A. Orekhova, E. Chereshneva, National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», Moscow, Russia; sergomatveev@ya.ra
Abstract	The paper considers possibility of fullerene usage for improvement of structure and properties of gray iron. The results of pilot iron melts, processed by fullerene-containing alloying composition, are presented. Usage of such alloying compositions allows to improve essentially quality of gray iron castings without their cost rise, due to small consumption of alloying composition and cancellation of graphitizing modification by ferrosilicium.
Key words	Iron, fullerene, modification, iron heredity, modifier, structure, properties.
Bibliographical list	1. Zakirnichnaya M. M. Obrazovanie fullerenov v uglerodistykh stalyakh i chugunakh pri kristallizatsii i termicheskikh vozdeystviyakh / Dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni doktora tekhnicheskikh nauk. Yfa. 2001. 2. Davydov S. V. Fullerenovaya priroda zhidkogo chuguna – osnova tekhnologii nanomodifitsirovaniya / Trudy Sed'mogo s'ezda liteyshchikov Rossii. V. 1. Obshchie voprosy. Chernye i tsvetnye splavy: Novosibirsk 23-27 may 2005. – Novosibirsk. 2005. 3. Pikunov M. V., Matveev S. V., Orekhova A. I. Izmenenie nasledstvennykh svoystv chuguna s pomoshch'yu melkodispersnogo poroshkovogo pressovannogo modifikatora / Trudy VII mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma “Nasledstvennost' v liteynykh protsessakh”. - Samara. 2008.
Title	On necessity of restoration of foundry production in machine-tool building industry according to the resolution of RF Government “On development of machine-tool building until 2015”
Author	S. Tkachenko
Author's data	S. Tkachenko, the councillor of directors association «Stankoinstrument», President Association of founders St. Petersburg and Leningrad region, Russia; spblenal@mail.ru
Title	Rusbuild-2010 project
Title	St. Petersburg technical fair
Title	3rd International conference “Metallurgy-Intecheco-2010”
Ironmaking and steelmaking
Title	Actual state of smelting-reduction processes in iron-making
Author	W. L. Kepplinger
Author's data	W. L. Kepplinger, Institute of technology of industrial methods of preservation of the environment, Mining University, Austria; werner. kepplinger@mu-leoben.at
Abstract	In the last four decades approximately 40 processes were presented as successors to the classical blast furnace route. All these process developments claimed low consumption figures, the use of untreated raw materials, low environmental impact and last but not least lower capital expenses with regards to the blast furnace. Most of the processes and component developments disappeared after some years of operation. This paper will define the actual state of smelting-reduction processes.
Key words	Smelting-reduction process, iron-making, raw materials, environment impact, blast furnaces, capital expenses.
Bibliographical list	1. Kepplinger, W.: Smelting reduction — an overview, 19th Ann. Conf. on Iron and Steel Technology, 30–31 Aug 2007, Pohang, Korea. 2. Ullmann's Enzyelopädie der technischen Chemie, 4th Ed., Iron, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1975. 3. Pühringer, O.; Wiesinger, H.; Havenga, B.; Hauk, R.; Kepplinger, W.; Wallner, F.: stahl u. eisen 111 (1991) No 9, p. 37/44. 4. Oeters, F.; Saatci, A.: Stoff- und Wärmeumsätze bei der Redukti on von Eisenerzen, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf, 1985. 5. Steffen, R.; Lüngen, H. B.: Rev. Met. (2004) No 3, p. 171/82. 6. Homepage of the Ausmelt Limited, 2008, www.ausmelt.com.au 7. Rio Tinto Iron Ore, Hlsmelt Financial Community Visit, June 2005; and Homepage of the Hismelt process presentations, 2008, www.hismelt.com.au 8. Schenk, J. L.: Application of Fluidized Bed Technology for Reduc tion of Fine Iron Ore in Ironmaking Processes, 19th FBC Conf., Vienna, Austria, 21–24 May 2006. 9. Homepage of Ulcos, 2008, www.ulcos.org 10. Midrex, Smorgasbord Recovery and Solutions for Ferrous and Nonferrous Producers, 132. TMS Meeting, San Diego, USA, 2-6 March 2003. 11. Kobelco, Japan, 2007, kobelco.co.jp/english/topics/2007/06/11 12. Böhm, C.: State of the Corex and Finex Technology, SEAISI Conf., 17-19 Apr 2006, Cebu, Philippines. 13. Joo, S.; Shin, M. K.; Cho, M.; Lee, S. D.; Lee, J. H.; Lee, I. O.; Schenk, J. L, Kepplinger, W. L; Wallner, F.; Gennari, U. R.; Hauzenberger, F.; Nagl, M.: Direct use of Fine Iron Ore in the Corex Process, ISS 57th Ironmaking Conf., 22–25 March 1998, Toronto, Canada. 14. Lee, H. G.; Joo, S.; Shin, M. K.: An update on Finex Plant Oper ations, AIST Scrap Substitutes and Alternative Ironmaking V, Inner Harbor, Baltimore, 2–4 Nov 2008.
Rolling
Title	Developments in flat strip production
Authors	Sh. Sheikhi, A. Angerbauer, C.-D. Wuppermann
Authors' data	Sh. Sheikhi, the head of department of processing by pressure, Steel institute VDEh, Düsseldorf; A. Angerbauer, Steel institute VDEh, Düsseldorf, voestalpine Stahl GmbH, Linz, Austria; C.-D. Wuppermann, Steel institute VDEh, Düsseldorf; redaktion@stahleisen.de
Abstract	During the last 25 years, developments and innovations in flat steel production (hot strip, plate and cold strip) have been characterized by growing demands on the quality of the products and increasing cost pressure. This has triggered numerous innovations in plant engineering as well as control and regulation technology solutions aiming at optimizing product quality, enhancing productivity and reducing energy consumption. Many of these efforts have been focused on the integration of systems measuring and controlling different parameters, such as temperature, profile, flatness, surface, roughness and coating thickness. Growing process computer capacities and the advancing use of computers in production have helped to improve product quality and increase production.
Key words	Flat strip production, plates, innovations, measuring systems, control systems, profile, flatness, roughness, coating.
Bibliographical list	1. 90 Jahre Walzwerksausschuss — Entwicklungen in der Walzwerkstechnik, Fachausschussbe richt Nr. 4.052. 2. Schneider, J.; Schoppa, A.; Wuppermann, C.-D.: Siliciumlegierte Stähle für die Elektroindus trie, MEFORM 2000, TU Bergakademie Freiberg. 3. Dürr, W.; Irle, M.: stahl u. eisen 123 (2003) Nr. 10, S. 73/77. 4. AISTec 2008, Iron and Steel Technology Conference, Mai 2008, Pittsburgh, USA. 5. Mitra, S.; Gupta, A. K.; Gangadaran, M.; Ghosh, B. N.; Paul, A. K.; Santra, B. K.; Neogl, N.; Babu, M. V.; Srivastava, V. K.: Steel Times Intern. (2008) Nr. 2, S. 35/37 6. Schutti, A.; Schiller, E.; Ortner, A.; Rosenthaler, M.; Auzinger, D.; Lichtwagner, M.; Mitter, G.: stahl u. eisen 124 (2004) Nr. 10, S. 43/50. 7. Degner, M.: stahl u. eisen 126 (2006) Nr. 10, S. 43/47. 8. Pawlitzki, P.; Rehbein, R.: stahl u. eisen 127 (2007) Nr. 8, S. 63/70. 9. Kermanpur, A.; Ebnonnasir, A.; Hedayati, M.: Mat. Sc. Tech. (2007) Nr. 8, S. 951/57. 10. Müller, J.; Henning, W.; Bilgen, C.: Advanced CSP casting technology for high-quality steel grades, 33rd McMaster Symposium on Iron and Steelmaking, Thinner slab casting, Juni 2005, Hamilton, CA, USA. 11. http://www.dbu.de, DBU aktuell Nr. 4, April 2008. 12. US Patent Application 20080190449: Plasma descaling. 13. Rohde, W.; Wladika, H.: stahl u. eisen 1991, Nr. 1, S. 47/61. 14. Djumlija, G.; Fogel, R.; Mayrhofer, K.; Thailer, G.: Edging in hot-strip mills — design, technology and product improvements, AISE Annual Convention and Steel Expo, Oktober 2002, Nashville, USA. 15. Chun, M. S.; Moon, Y. H.: J. Mat. Proc. Tech. (2000) Nr. 1, S. 11/16. 16. Rosenthal, D.; Sudau, P.: stahl u. eisen 124 (2004) Nr. 10, S. 23/32. 17. Katsuhiro, K.: Sosei Kako Shinpojiumu 1999, Nr. 189, S. 35/42. 18. Uijtdebroeks, H.; Noville, J.F.; Vanderschueren, D.; Van Pecke, P.: Implementation of a high turbulenee roll cooling in the HSM of ArcelorMittal Ghent, Journees Siderurgiques Internati onales ATS 2007, Paris, Frankreich. 19. Grobblech — Herstellung und Anwendung, Do kumentation 570, Stahl-Informations-Zentrum, Düsseldorf. 20. Weber, F.; Stelzer, R.: stahl u. eisen 109 (1989) Nr. 4, S. 169/77. 21. Plicht, G.; Schillak, H.; Lin, M.; Edwards, R.; Mebrahtu, T.; Höfinghoff, H.; Demski, T.: Skinpass rolling of steel strip using liquid nitrogen, Materials Science and Technology 2007, Sept. 2007, Detroit, USA. 22. Pawelski, H.; Richter, H.-P.: stahl u. eisen 127 (2007) Nr. 11, S. 83/94. 23. Alberny, R.; Decrequy, D.; Degner, M.; Lackinger, C.: stahl u. eisen 124 (2004) Nr. 4, S. 67/72. 24. Przywara, J.; Spreitzhofer, G.; Dümmler, A.: stahl u. eisen 123 (2003) Nr. 8, S. 57/60. 25. Hauger, A.; Muhr, T.; Kopp, R.: stahl u. eisen 126 (2006) Nr. 5, S. 21/23. 26. Paesold, D.: Materialwiss. u. Werkstofftech. (2006) Nr. 7, S. 619/22. 27. Schwanke, G.; Dürr, W.; Peters, M.; Schaffrath, N.; Dombrowski, S.; Irle, M.; Hofmann, F.; Christofori, K.: stahl u. eisen 129 (2009) Nr. 1, S. 39/44. 28. Goryany, V.; Mauk, P. J.: Giesserei (2007) Nr. 7, S. 32/51. 29. Wiehler, K.; Kailer, A.; Mauk, J.-P.; Eckardt, C.; Berroth, K.; Kozlowski, J.; Wagemann, A.; Danzer, R.: Ceramic rolling tools and components for enhanced lifetime and product quality, 3rd International Steel Conference on new Developments in Metallurgical Process Technologies, METEC 07, Juni 2007, Düsseldorf. 30. Polzer, J.; Wolff, A.; Gorgels, F.; Mücke, G.; Heßler, A.: stahl u. eisen 128 (2008), Nr. 12, S. 57/62. 31. 7th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet, Galvatech ’07, Japan.
Title	Vacuum lifting beams reduce handling times in the plate rolling mill
Authors	O. Ehrich, M. Lubas
Authors' data	O. Ehrich, Profit Center Grobblech, ThyssenKrupp Steel AG, Duisburg; М. Лубас, the general director, Lubas Maschinen und Geräte GmbH; info@lubas.de
Power engineering and environment protection
Title	Energy efficiency and decrease of СО₂ by oxyfuel combustion
Authors	H. Pfeifer, W. Högner, P. Fredriksson, J. von Scheele, R. Paul.
Authors' data	R. Paul, Linde Group, Hamburg; rainhard.paul@de.linde-gas.com
Abstract	The use of oxygen technologies within the steel industry has become increasingly important. During the last decades increased throughput capacity and lowered average cost have been the driving forces, however, today the positive impact on energy savings and reduced emissions have come into the focal point, a fact that seems to be even further pronounced in the future. The article describes how the oxygen technologies can contribute to an increased energy efficiency in the electric arc furnace process, how flameless oxygen combustion reduces fuel consumption and СО₂ emission in melting and heating operations, and how low calorific gases, for example blast furnace top gas and converter gas, can be effectively used to further improve the overall energy efficiency, reduce СО₂ emission, and reduce costs.
Key words	Carbon dioxide, oxyfuel combustion, energy saving, energy efficiency, electric arc furnaces, melting, heating, blast furnace gases, converter gases.
Bibliographical list	1. Scherello, A.; Högner, W.; Claesson, E.; Bamforth, P.; Mercier, C.: State-of-the-art oxyfuel solutions for reheating and annealing furnaces in steel industry, METEC InSteelCon 2007, 11.–15. Juni 2007, Düsseldorf. 2. Pfeifer, H. [Hrsg.]: Taschenbuch Industrielle Wärmetechnik — Grund lagen, Berechnungen, Verfahren, 4. Aufl., Vulkan Verlag, Essen, 2007. 3. Wünning, J.; Milani, A.: Handbuch der Brennertechnik für Industrieöfen, Vulkan Verlag, Essen, 2007. 4. von Schéele, J.; Gartz, M.; Paul, R.; Lantz, M.-T.; Riegert, J.-P.; Söderlund, S.: stahl u. eisen 128 (2008) Nr. 7, S. 35. 5. DIN EN 746-3: Industriel le Thermoprozessanlagen, Teil 3: Sicherheitsanforde rungen für die Erzeugung und Anwendung von Schutz- und Reaktions gasen, Mai 1997. 6. Umweltbundesamt 2008: www.umweltbundesamt.de/energie/archiv/co2-strommix.pdf 7. Carbon emission from electricity generation by country: http://lightbucket.word-press.com/2008/10/22/carbon-emissions-from-electricity-generation-by-country/ 8. Fredriksson, P.; Claesson, E.; Vesterberg, P.; Moroz, G.; von Schéele, J.: Iron Steel Tech. 5 (2008) Nr. 5, S. 323/28. 9. von Schéele, J.; Ekman, T.: Nordic Steel Mining Rev. (2008) Nr. 3, S. 24/26. 10. Köhle, S.: Recent improvements in modelling energy consumption of electric arc furnaces, Proc. 7. Europ. Electric Steelmaking Conf., Venedig, Italien, 26.–29. Mai 2002, S. 1.305/14.
Control and measuring equipment
Title	Measuring and control equipment for iron and steel industry
Authors	H. Peters, J. Brandenburger, G. Coen, Ch. Dannert, F. Gorgels, H. Köchner, S. Krannich, G. Mücke, U. Müller, D. Oberhoff, B. Schmidt, W. Woeste
Authors' data	H. Peters, Institute of industrial researches VDEh, Düsseldorf; harald.peters@bfi.de
Abstract	Institute of production investigations (BFI) of the Society of German metallurgists (VDEh) actively works for development and applied usage of new measuring and testing methods since its establishment in 1968. The main emphasis is made now on industrial usage of newly developed processes as general full-scale systematic solution. This paper gives examples on recent developments of the institute inside the wide range of problems: from melt metallurgy to on-line measurements of thin layers of cold-rolled strip.
Key words	Measurements, testing, quality, production, temperature, process, flatness, strip, melt, pickling, surface contamination.
Bibliographical list	1. Mielenz, O.; Krüner, A.; Köchner, H.; Rüther, H.-P.; Peters, M.; Schmöle, P.: MPT Internat. 30 (2007) Nr. 5, S. 44/49 . 2.Köchner, H.; Lamp, T.: stahl u. eisen 129 (2009) Nr. 3, S. 39/45. 3. Lamp, T.; Köchner, H.: stahl u. eisen 129 (2009) Nr. 7, S. 69/72. 4. Brandenburger, J.: Improving the usage of results from automatic surface inspection systems, International Surface Inspection Summit (ISIS 2008), 26.–27. Feb. 2008, Amsterdam, Niederlande. 5. Peters, H.; Heckenthaler, T.; Holzknecht, N.: stahl u. eisen 125 (2005) Nr. 7, S. 29/36. 6. Peters, H.; Holzknecht, N.: Integration of results from automatic surface inspection systems into decision support systems for product quality, International Surface Inspection Summit (ISIS 2008), 26.–27. Feb. 2008, Amsterdam, Niederlande.
Title	Express analysis of steel samples using laser electrometry
Authors	R. Noll, V. Sturm, J. Makowe
Authors' data	J. Makowe, Laser Analytical Systems & Automation GmbH; redaktion@stahleisen.de
Abstract	Fabrication of high-quality steel products includes a row of technological stages where preset properties of material are obtained via conducted physical and chemical processes. Among the most important parameters the following can be mentioned: presence of segregation, inclusions and deoxidation. Reveal of these parameters should be done as soon as possible. Segregation and inclusions lead often to the problem when strip thickness or wire rod diameter can't be decreased less than some ultimate amount. Deoxidation occurs in the process of crystal growth during continuous casting of steel and has effect on steel properties. Carbon losses in steel take place near the surface owing to conducted reactions with oxygen and water containing in the air.
Key words	Express analysis, laser spectrometry, steel samples, deoxidation, inclusioms, segregation, strip, crystal growth, wire rod, continuous casting.
Bibliographical list	1. Noll, R.; Sturm, V.; Aydin, Ü.; Eilers, D.; Gehlen, C.; Höh ne, M.; Lamott, A.; Makowe, J.; Vrenegor, J.: Spectroсhimiсa Acta Part B (2008) Nr. 63, S. 1159/66. 2. Bette, H.; Noll, R.; Jansen, H.-W.; Mittelstädt, H.; Müller, G.; Nazikkol, C.: LaserOpto 33 (2001) Nr. 6, S. 60/64. 3. Bette, H.; Noll, R.: High-speed, high-resolution LIBS using diode-pumped solid-state lasers, [in:] Laserinduсed breakdown spectrosсopy, [Hrsg.:] Miziolek, Palleschi, Sсheсhter, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2006, S. 490/515. 4. Müller, G.: Lokale Elementverteilungsanalyse mittels rasternder Laser-induzierter optischer Emis sionsspektrometrie zur Charakterisierung von Einschlüssen und Seigerungen in Stählen, Duisburg, 2004 (Dr.-Diss.). 5. Boué-Bigne, F.: Appl. Spectrosc. (2007) Nr. 61, S. 333/37. 6. Kuss, H.-M.; Mittelstädt, H.; Müller, G.: J. Anal. At. Spectrom. (2005) Nr. 20, S. 730/35. 7. Boué-Bigne, F.: Speсtroсhimiсa Acta Part B (2008) Nr. 63, S. 1122/29.
Title	Magnetic induction measuring method: quality insurance for tinplate
Authors	K. Hermann, A. Jordan
Authors' data	K. Hermann, A. Jordan, EMG Automation GmbH; redaktion@stahleisen.de
Abstract	Rasselstein, the producer of steel products for packaging usage, develops the process for manufacturing more thin strip with similar or even better mechanical properties. To provide required quality level, the new measuring system conducts continuous on-line non-destructive control of tensile strength and yield strength. Developing EMG-system had to be put into practice in 2009, and accumulated experience will be used in the future projects for development of Improc-Pro-systems.
Key words	Tinplate, magnetic induction measuring method, quality control, on-line conditions, non-destructive control, packaging, thin strip.
Title	Contactless 3D measuring of dynamic processes using high-speed cameras
Author	B.-M. Wolf
Author's data	B.-M. Wolf, Solving 3D GmbH; redaktion@stahleisen.de
Abstract	Optic contactless measurements is used for operating control of powerful equipment for heavy industry. Highspeed cameras allow to provide control of dynamic processes. High-frequency oscillations with low amplitudes can be registered without conducting of expensive mounting works. Therefore, it is possible to reveal timely negative influence on downtime of equipment and product quality. This paper describes photogrammetric 3D measurements using high-speed cameras and dynamic 3D measurements on finishing stand of a rolling mill.
Key words	3D measurements, high-speed cameras, dynamic processes, oscillations, photogrammetry, precision level, optical contactless measuring.
Bibliographical list	1. Forouzan, M. R.; Kiyani, I.; Salimi, M.; Ghassemi, A.: Analysis of chatter Vibration in cold strip rolling, part I: system equivalent damping, Metal Forming, Vol. 1, 2008, S. 475/82. 2. Forouzan, M. R.; Kiyani, I.; Niroomand, M. R.; Salimi M.: Analysis of chatter Vibration in cold strip rolling, part II: optimization of the process Parameters, ibd., S. 483/89. 3. Mehrabi R.; Siliani M.; Ziaei-Rad S.; Salimi M.; Kamranian A.: Investigation of influences of operational parameters on chatter Vibration of cold rolling machines using finite element method, ibd., S. 467/74.
Economics and finances
Title	Global demand on advanced technology
Author	K. Gottwald
Author's data	K. Gottwald, Association of heavy mechanical engineering, Association of the German machine-building enterprises (VDMA), Frankfurt; redaktion@stahleisen.de
Title	Steel production in the world
Title	Scientific and technical news abroad
Metallurgical history
Title	Ruhr regional culture in the works of the chronicler of mining and metallurgical industry
Author	E. Pasche